Relativity, Quantum Theory and Space in Painting

Scientific research of the last century (particularly in particle physics and astronomy) has led us to realize that space is more difficult to define than was previously assumed. Newtonian physics had given us the idea of a static, measurable universe, space as an absolute co-ordinate system.

Einstein proved that space is changed by the mass and movement of objects. He redefined  space as the space/time continuum, space and time being  part of an entity, mutually dependent factors in an equation. He described space as being subject to warping and distortion, masses exerting gravity, transforming space and deforming objects within their reach.

Quantum theory also revolutionized our conception of space by demonstrating that it is impossible to precisely determine the spatial position of  objects so tiny that light waves interfere with them. In some strange cases one could even say that an object can be in two places at the same time.

Just as the concept of space has been revolutionized in physics, a similar breakthrough in the

representation of space in painting can be observed.

The idea of coherent space as in a constructed panorama or theater scenery was discarded, along with the confines of central perspective. Objects were portrayed without space, or in a spaceless space. Space, defined by the objects that create it, was liberated from reality and became a further means of expression in painting.

Scale was released from it´s previous function in portraying space, objects normally becoming smaller as they receded into illusionary picture space. Now the size of objects can have a psychological or narrative meaning, designating importance or relationship.

Proportion was also freed from the task of showing space through foreshortening. In the new space concept, foreshortening can be used arbitrarily as needed to fit into the available space.  Reverse foreshortening can be used to contradict traditional spatial perception. Distorted proportions create a new possibility for transmitting unusual contents in painting.

Reverse perspective can be employed to counteract the effects of customary central perspective, an invention of the Renaissance in keeping with their belief in an absolutely constructed universe. In a universe where objects exist relative to each other, a new space concept will define space in it`s context.

All of these possibilities of a new space concept are at a modern painter´s disposal.

Yippee!